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OPC- ONE PERSON COMPANY
A One Person Company (OPC) is a type of company in India introduced under the Companies Act, 2013, that allows a single individual to operate a corporate entity with limited liability. It’s ideal for solo entrepreneurs who want the benefits of a Private Limited Company but without needing a partner. A One Person Company is a company that has only one person as its member and shareholder, offering the legal benefits of a company with the simplicity of a sole proprietorship.
Key Features of an OPC:
Single Owner: Only 1 person is both shareholder and director (can appoint a nominee)
Limited Liability: Owner's liability is limited to the amount invested in the company
Separate Legal Entity: OPC has its own legal identity, separate from the owner
No Minimum Paid-Up Capital: Can be started with any capital (no ₹1 lakh requirement anymore)
Nominee Required: Must nominate someone to take over in case of death/incapacity of the owner
Private Company: Treated as a private company under law
Advantages of OPC
01
Limited Liability
Protects the personal assets of the owner
02
Separate Legal Identity
Company can own assets, sue or be sued
03
Full Control
Single person owns and manages everything
04
Easy to Raise Funding
More structured than sole proprietorship, easier to get loans/investment
05
Continuity of Business
Nominee takes over in case of death/incapacity of owner
Eligibility Criteria for OPC
Only Indian Citizen
Must be a natural person, Indian citizen, and resident in India
Nominee Required
Must appoint a nominee (also an Indian resident)
Only One OPC per Person
A person can incorporate only one OPC
Company-Related Documents Required
For the Sole Director/Shareholder:
01
PAN Card
02
Aadhaar Card/Passport/Driving License/Voter ID
03
Passport-size photograph
04
Email ID and Mobile number
05
Address proof (bank statement or utility bill, not older than 2 months)
Documents Required For the Nominee
PAN Card
Aadhaar Card/Other ID proof
Consent in Form INC-3
Address proof
Documents Required For the Registered Office
01
Electricity Bill or other utility bill (not older than 2 months)